十、现在完成进行时

1. 表示从过去某时起一直延续到现在的动作,可能刚刚停止,也可能仍在进行。这时常与延续性动词连用,常带有表示一段时间的状语。
What have you been doing all this time?
这段时间你干什么了？
I've been writing letters all this morning.
我写了一上午信。
I've been puzzling ever since I set eyes on you where I saw you before.
自从我以前在那个地方看见你之后,我一直在纳闷儿。
2. 表示不久前刚结束的动作。
I have been bidding goodbye to some places today. 我今天到几个地方去告别了。
You look so tired, what have you been doing? 你们看起来很累,你们干什么了?
We have been playing football. 我们踢足球了。
3. 表示到说话时为止的一段时间一再重复的动作。
You've been saying that for five years.这话你已经说了5年了。
They have been drinking tea all the afternoon. 他们一下午都在喝茶。
I have been telephoning to you several times in two days. 两天内我给你打过好几次电话。

十一、过去完成进行时

　　过去完成进行时表示动作在过去某一时间之前开始，一直延续到这一过去时间。和过去完成时一样，过去完成进行时也必须以一过去时间为前提。
1. 表示过去某一时间之前一直进行的动作。
I had been looking for it for days before I found it.
这东西我找了好多天才找着的。
They had only been waiting for the bus a few moments when it came.
他们只等了一会儿车就来了。
2. 表示反复的动作。
He had been mentioning your name to me.
他过去多次向我提到过你的名字。
You had been giving me everything.
你对我真是有求必应。
3. 过去完成进行时还常用于间接引语中。
The doctor asked what he had been eating.
医生问他吃了什么。
I asked where they had been staying all those days.
我问他们那些天是呆在哪儿的。
4. 过去完成进行时之后也可接具有“突然”之意的when分句。
I had only been reading a few minutes when he came in.
我刚看了几分钟他就进来了。
She'd only been reviewing her lessons for a short while when her little sister interrupted her.
她温习功课才一会儿，她妹妹就打断她了。
I had been sleeping when my friend telephone me.
我正在睡觉时，我的朋友给我打电话。

十二、将来完成时

1. 将来完成时的基本用法
     表示未来某一时刻前已发生或完成的动作。这时常与表示未来某个时间的状语连用。由“will/shall+have+过去分词”构成。
I shall have finished reading the book by the end of this week.我将在本周末前读完这本书。
Before long,he will have forgotten all about the matter.过不久,他就会把这事全然忘记的。
When I have done that,I shall have done all that I was supposed to do.我做完那件事,就做了我全部应做的了。
He will have arrived by now. 他现在应当已经到了。
He will have gone back to England.他想必回英国去了。
When we get there，she’ll have gone to work. 我们到那里时她会已上班去了。
On Monday he’ll have been in Britain for three years. 到星期一，他在英国就满三年了。
2. 现在完成时、过去完成时与将来完成的区别
     现在完成时以现在时间为参照点，表示在“现在”以前完成的动作或持续到“现在”的状态，过去完成时则以过去时间为参照点，表示在“过去”某一时间以前发生的动作或持续到“过去”某一时间的状态，将来完成时则以将来时间为参照点，表示在“将来”某一时间为止已经完成的动作或持续到“将来”某一时间的状态。
He has finished writing his novel. 他已写完了他的小说。
He had finished writing his novel by the end of last year. 去年年底他就写完他的小说。
He will have finished writing his novel by the end of next year. 到明年年底他就会写完他的小说了。