一、动名词的性质
1. 动名词的动词性质表现在：可有宾语和状语从而组成动名词短语。
Father hoped that his son didn't mind his saying it.父亲希望儿子别介意他说的话。
Are you for or against staying here?你赞成还是反对留在这里？
2. 动名词的名词性质表现在：在句中可用作主语、宾语等。
Smoking is not allowed in the office.办公室不许抽烟。
I have finished reading the book.我已经看完了这本书。
二、动名词的复合结构
1. 在口语中也有用名词通格或代词宾格的情况, 这种情况的复合结构在句中多用作宾语。
All of us hate people being unhappy.我们每个人都不愿人们不快乐。
I have often heard of him working hard.我常听到他刻苦用功的话。
2. 名词属格或物主代词后加动名词,即构成动名词复合结构, 名词属格或物主代词是动名词的逻辑主语。这种复合结构在句中多用作主语或宾语。
Lisa's laughing at my accent is getting on my nerves.莉莎嘲笑我的口音使我感到紧张。
Excuse my interrupting your lecture.请原谅我打断你的演讲。
三、动名词的时态与语态
1. 动名词一般时所表示的动作可与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生。
A gregarious person,he loves just playing fun with friends.他是一个爱交际的人,爱与朋友开玩笑。
A big job should be done in popularizing education.普及教育应该花大力气。
2. 动名词一般时所表示的动作也可能与谓语动词所表示的动作不同时发生。
All of us shall never forget seeing the Great Wall for the first time.我们永远不会忘记第一次看见长城的情景。
Martin insisted on going to work in spite of his illness.马丁坚持要抱病工作。
3. 动名词完成时所表示的动作皆发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。
Having been out of work,he had to borrow money from his friends for living.失业后,他不得不从朋友那里借钱生活。
We all got angry for having been cheated by the company.被那家公司欺骗了,我们都很气愤。
4. 动名词一般时和完成时都可用于被动式。
Jack objects to being kept waiting.杰克反对让他等着。
I can't forgive myself for having been attacked by surprise.遭到突然袭击,我不能原谅自己。
5. 有些动名词在句中虽为主动形式,却含有被动意义。
The bike needs repairing.自行车需要修理。
If a thing is worth doing,it is worth doing well.一件事如果值得做,就应把它做好。
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