1. 细节理解题
过去在阅读理解题中占很大比例。细节题要求考生具备快速寻找信息的能力,采用针对性方法进行阅读。多数情况下,作者不会明确地呈现一个事实,读者需根据已有的信息进行处理,读出言外之意。还要特别注意文章的时间顺序、故事发生的地点、情节的发展、和人物之间的关系。
考查文章细节理解的测试题
① This article is particularly written for ___.
② When the writer says … he really means ___.
③ The author's attitude to… is that ___.
④ What kind of atmosphere does the writer want to create in this passage?
⑤ The writer regards… as ___.
⑥ The writer's purpose in writing this story is ___.
2. 归纳概括题
考生须通过对全文的阅读和思考,把握文章的结构和脉络,从而找出文章的中心思想和主题大意,推断作者写作意图或作者对该事情的态度。考生应抓住文章中开头和结尾,注意每一自然段落中的主题句。
考查主题思想或段落大意的常见题
① The story mainly tells us ___.
② From the passage we know that ___.
③ The writer wants to tell us ___.
④ The best title of this passage should be ___
⑤ The main idea of Paragraph 1 is ___.
⑥ What’s the purpose/attitude of …?
⑦ The last paragraph ends the passage with an emphasis on ___.
⑧ What is the subject discussed in the text?
⑨ Whish of the following statements is best supported by the last paragraph?
3. 推理判断题
此题要求纵观全文,在汇集短文提供的各项信息的基础上,紧扣作者的意图,充分发挥自己的逻辑思维能力,从文章的内在含义和字里行间中、从作者的态度和取向中获得信息,做出正确的推理和判断。
考查推理和判断常见问题有:
① We can infer from the passage ___.
② From the passage, we can tell ___.
③ We can conclude from the passage ___.
④ What probably happened in the end?
⑤ When he said, "…", he meant ___.
⑥ This passage would most likely to be found in ___.
⑦ The author’s / writer’s attitude(态度)towards …is _______.
⑧ What do you think would happen (to…) at the end of the story?
4. 词义猜测题
这类题要求理解文中关键词句的含义。其中有些题属于用词汇替换或句型转换手段对短文原句释义,属浅层理解题,但有些题要求联系全文意义来判断有关词句的含义及寓意,这就属于深层理解,需反复推敲斟酌。同一个词的意义往往因上下文不同而发生变化,故作好这类题的关键是理解好上下文。猜测词义,常见的题干有
① The word… in paragraph… refers to ___.
② The underlined word "…" means ___.
③ The word "…" could be replaced by ___.
④ Which of the following words can take the place of …?