三、就近原则

     谓语动词根据和它最邻近的名词或代词或其他词的数的形式来决定其自身的数的形式。
1．由or, either...or, neither...nor, not only...but also 等连接的并列主语，谓语动词常和靠近的作主语的名词单复数上保持一致。
Not only he but also I am invited. 我和他都受邀请了。
Neither the children nor the teacher knows anything about it. 学生和老师都对此一无所知。
但注意“with / along with / together with / including / but / except / like / among / as well as  / no more than / besides / rather than ＋名词”置于主语后，谓语和前面的名词在单复数上保持一致。
The teacher with a number of students is in the classroom. 学生们和一位老师在教室呢。
2．在由there或here引起的句子及倒装句中。
There is a pen and two books on the desk. 桌子上有一支笔和两本书。
There are two books, some paper and a pen on the desk. 桌子上有两本书，一些纸和一支钢笔。

四、其他注意事项

     肯定与否定一致：下列形容词、副词、代词从肯定句变成否定句时须作相应的变化。
We've had some (money). → We haven't had any (money)．
I was talking to someone. → I wasn't talking to anyone.
They sometimes visit us. → They rarely (never, seldom) visit us.
He has arrived already. → He hasn't arrived yet.
Li is coming too.→ Li isn't coming either.
Both of us are going. → Neither of us are going.
He likes both of them. → He doesn't like either of them.
so / neither＋助动词＋名词/代词结构中须用倒装语序。
My wife likes classical music very much and so do I.
She doesn't like jazz and neither do I.

     分析近五年来的高考题可以发现，高考对主谓一致的考查几乎每年都有所涉及，但题量不大，其因为是这项语法用法比较固定、单纯，要理清主谓一致的“三大原则”，记住这些用法就能很好地把这项语法学会；当然高考命题多以特殊点为切入点，要注意三大原则里边的一些变化。尤其注意：主语从句作主语时谓语的确定；主语＋as well as, with, together with, along with, rather than, but, except, besides等词时的主谓一致；定语从句中谓语动词的数与定语从句所修饰的名词或代词的数保持一致。