8. 主动形式表示被动意义

1)wash, clean, cook, iron, look, cut, sell, read, wear, feel, draw, write, sell, drive…
The book sells well. 这本书销路好。
This knife cuts easily. 这刀子很好用。
2) 在 need, require, want, worth ( 形容词 ), deserve 后的动名词必须用主动形式。
The door needs repairing. = The door needs to be repaired.
This room needs cleaning. 这房间应该打扫一下。
This book is worth reading. 这本书值得一读。　
3) 特殊结构：make sb . heard / understood ( 使别人能听见 / 理解自己 ) ，have sth . done ( 要某人做某事 ) 。

9. 被动形式表示主动意义

be determined, be pleased, be graduated (from), be finished, be prepared (for), be occupied (in), get married
He is graduated from a famous university. 他毕业于一所有名的大学。
注意：表示同某人结婚，用 marry sb . 或 get married to sb . 都可。
He married a rich girl. He got married to a rich girl.

10. need/want/require/worth

注意：当 need, want, require, worth( 形容词 ) 后面接 doing 也可以表示被动。
Your hair wants cutting. 你的头发该理了。
The floor requires washing. 地板需要冲洗。
The book is worth reading. 这本书值得一读。
典型例题
The library needs___, but it'll have to wait until Sunday.
A. cleaning B. be cleaned C. clean D. being cleaned
答案 A. need ( 实意 ) +n /to do ， need ( 情态 )+ do ，当为被动语态时，用 need + doing. 表示被动。 如有 to be cleaned 则也为正确答案。