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高中英语语法:主谓一致
编辑:admin 时间:2015/6/9 9:35:36 来源:高中学习网

7、由"a lot of, lots of, plenty of, the rest of, the majority of + 名词"构成的短语以及由"分数或百分数+名词"构成的短语作主语,其谓语动词的数要根据短语中后面名词的数而定。如:
     There are a lot of people in the classroom.
     The rest of the lecture is wonderful.
     50% of the students in our class are girls.
     注意:a number of"许多",作定语修饰复数名词,谓语用复数;the number of"…的数量",主语是number,谓语用单数。
8、在倒装句中,谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致。如:
     There comes the bus.
     On the wall are many pictures.
     Such is the result.
     Such are the facts.

二、意义一致原则:即谓语动词的单复数形式不是根据语法形式,而是根据主语的内在涵义(即有时主语的单数形式表达的是复数涵义,反之亦然)确定的。

1. 有些集体名词,如:family, group, army, government, audience 等表示整体概念时,应看作单数,它们作主语时其谓语也用单数形式;但若表示组成整体的各个成员时,其谓语则应用复数形式。例如:
     Our family lives in the town. (整体)
     My family like watching TV. (整体的组成部分)
2. 有些集体名词,如:people (人们),police, cattle, personnel (全体人员),militia (民兵),及以 -ch, -sh, -ese 结尾的表示“……国人”的词作主语时,谓语应该用复数形式。例如:
     The police are after a murderer.
     The Chinese(people)are kind and friendly.
     注意:people 作“民族”解时,其单数形式为 people ,复数形式为 peoples 。当它作主语时,谓语动词的单复数形式应视情况而定。例如:
     The Chinese people is a great people.
     56 people make up the big family of China.
3. 由两个部分组成一个整体的物品名词(如:shoes, glasses, boots, socks 等)作主语时,谓语要用复数形式。例如:
     The shoes are not expensive.
     His football socks are broken.
     注意:表示物品的名词用量词表示具体数量时,其谓语形式应与量词的数保持一致。例如:
That pair of trousers was sold out, but these kinds of trousers are still on the counter.
 4. 复数名词或短语表示时间、距离、长度、价格、数字、度、量、衡,以及国名、山脉、群岛、瀑布、书名、剧名、单位或报刊名称等的复数名词作主语,其谓语动词要用单数形式。例如:
     Ten years is a moment in history.
     The Arabian Nights is a very interesting story-book.
     The United States is the only superpower in the world now.
5. “分数(百分数)+ of +名词”以及“ all ( most, some, any, half, a lot, the rest ) +of +名词”作主语时, of 后的名词是单数,谓语用单数形式;若 of 后的名词是复数,谓语就用复数形式。例如:
     Three-fourths of the surface of the earth is water.
     Ten percent of the apples are bad.
     All of the work has been done.


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