模块七 Unit 2 重点句型

1. It was in 1897 that a European chemist called Dr Felix Hoffmann produced acetylsalicylic acid(ASA) from some other chemicals to make a medicine for his father. 1897年，一位名叫费利克斯，霍夫曼的欧洲药剂师从其他化学物质中提取乙酰水杨酸（ASA）制成药物，为自己的父亲治病。

     句子中有两个非谓语动词，一个为called (Dr Felix Hoffmann) 过去分词做后置定语，修饰chemist，可以换成定语从句who was called…；第二个非谓语动词为to make (a medicine for his father), 此处为动词不定式做目的状语。句子中最重要的结构也是句子的主干部分是It was …that所引导的强调句型，用以强调时间in 1897。

     强调句型的结构为：It is/was+强调的部分+that+非强调部分。其中，注意无论强调句子的什么成分，它的连词都是that，只有强调人时可以用who来代替that；判断一个句子是否是强调句型，我们可以把句子中的it is/was…that去掉，看句子的结构是否完整，若完整即为强调句型。
It was in the street that I met him yesterday. 昨天，我是在大街上遇到他的。
It was him that/who I met in the street yesterday. 昨天，我在大街上遇到的是他。
What was it that happened to him? 他到底发生了什么事情？
注意：如果要强调句子的谓语动词，不能用强调句型，应该用do/did/does+动词原形。

2. The date that aspirin was invented is given by medical historians as 1897, but in fact, 3,500 years ago, some recipes recommended drinking a tea from the dried leaves of a particular plant to reduce body pains.医学史学家将阿司匹林的发明时间定为1897年，但事实上，早在3500年前一些药方就已经建议人们引用一种利用某种植物干叶做成的茶，以缓解体痛。

     本句是由连词but引导的一个并列句。第一个分句中，that aspirin was invented 可以视为一个同位语从句，用来做the date的同位语。另外，在这个句中，recommend 表示“推荐，建议”，常接名词，代词，动名词及从句。如：
He was recommended for the post by his colleague. 他获得同事的推荐得到了这个岗位。
The teacher recommended buying an English-Chinese dictionary. 老师建议买一本英汉字典。
It is recommended that the machine (should) be checked every year.
建议每年要把机器检修一次。

3. Acupuncture involves putting stainless steel needles into the skin at certain points on the body so that a disease can be cured or a health problem solved. 针灸疗法是把不锈钢针扎进身体的特定部位，从而使疾病得以治愈或使健康问题得到解决。

     本句的结构并不复杂，其中包含有so that 引导的一个结果状语从句。另外，a health problem solved是一个省略形式，完整的句子应该是 a health problem can be solved，为了避免重复省略了can be。此外，这个句中的involve和cure这两个词的用法值得一提。involve 表示“涉及，使卷入”。如：
How many vehicles were involved in the traffic accident? 这次交通事故涉及多少辆汽车？
We hope to involve as many people as possible in the opening ceremony.
我们希望参加开幕仪式的人越多越好。
cure 的用法：cure可以用作动词, 表示 “治愈，治好”，也可以作为名词表示“药物，疗法；治疗，疗程”。如：
Who can cure him of his heart trouble? 谁能治好他的心脏病？
They are devoted to the search for a cure for cancer. 他们正致力于对癌症治疗方法的研究。