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　　Happiness pays off, studies show.
　　Psychologists seeking the real secrets of happiness report that very happy people tend to be more extroverted and agreeable than less happy people.
　　“Our findings suggest that very happy people have rich and satisfying social relationships and spend little time alone relative to average people,” write psychologists Ed Diener and Martin E.P. Seligman in the journal Psychological Science.
　　Solid social relationships do not promise happiness, but they are an important contributing factor. The very happy people whom the authors studied all said they had good quality social relationships. However, the authors write, there is no single key to high happiness. “High happiness seems to be like beautiful symphonic(交响乐)music—including many instruments, without any one being enough for the beautiful quality.”
　　Diener regards happiness as “subjective (主观的) well-being” ―in other words, the person evaluates(评估)his or her own quality of life. The question to ask is, “Is my life going well，according to the standards I choose to use?” If the answer is “yes”, then that person is judged to be happy.
　　Because people evaluate their lives based on happiness，“subjective well-being is very important. Though necessary, it is not enough for having a good life. Subjective well-being “seems quite necessary for the good society, although it is not enough for that society because there are other things we also value and would want in such a place,” says Diener.
　　Can subjective well-being be measured scientifically? Diener points out three parts contributing to happiness: pleasant emotions and moods, lack of negative emotions and moods, and satisfaction judgment, to which other factors—including cheerfulness and feelings of fulfillment—may be added.
　　There is no magic formula(公式)for happiness. Diener suggests steps you can take to ensure you are as happy as you can be. Surrounding yourself with good friends and family—people who care about you and whom you care about — is a start. Joining in activities you enjoy and value is also important; whether it’s work or play, keeping busy in an environment enjoyable to you will contribute much to your subjective well-being. In addition, a healthy outlook is necessary.
　　1. The underlined word “extroverted” probably means______.
　　A. pleasant and social B. hard-working and active
　　C. careful and shy D. warm-hearted and helpful
　　2. Happiness and symphonic music are common in that __________.
　　A. they are both something beautiful
　　B. they both make people feel pleased
　　C. they both depend on more than one factor
　　D. they are both hard to achieve
　　3. According to Diener, a person can be judged to be happy when he ______.
　　A. has rich social relationships
　　B. spends more time with other people
　　C. lives a quality life
　　D. thinks his life is going well according to the standards he chooses to use
　　4. Which of the following does not belong to components contributing to happiness?
　　A. Pleasant moods. B. Negative emotions.
　　C. Satisfaction judgment. D. Feelings of fulfillment.

【答案与解析】

1. A。词义猜测题。从后面的agreeable(随和的)判断，此处词义为“外向的”，与A项最接近。
2. C。间接信息题。概括文章第四段可以得出答案：幸福和交响乐都不是单一成分组成的，而是取决于很多因素。
3. D。间接信息题。从文章第五段可得出答案：幸福是一个人的一种感觉，以自己选择的标准来衡量自己是否幸福。
4. B。间接信息题。从文章倒数第二段可知，不能构成幸福的显然是“消极情绪”。