【体验高考】

(2011•四川卷C篇)
        Even before the LoB is complete, the public has been able to go online to visit the Virtual(虚拟的)LoB, designed by Baden, the Birmingham virtual worlds specialists. Not only have the public been able to learn about LoB, but the virtual one has also enabled those working on the LoB to understand the building and how it will work before it even opens.  (the sixth paragraph)
50. While visiting the Virtual LoB, the public can ______.
       A. get a general idea of the LoB
       B. meet many world¬famous experts
       C. learn how to put up a library building
       D. understand how the specialists work on the project
解析：A 考查细节理解，其实质就是对复杂句子的理解。根据“Not only have the public been able to learn about LoB, but the virtual one has also enabled those working on the LoB to understand the building and how it will work before it even opens.”可知当参观数字化图书馆时公众可以了解LoB。
(2011•四川卷E篇)
        In business, there is a speed difference: It's the difference between how important a firm's leaders say speed is to their competitive (竞争的) strategy(策略)and how fast the company actually moves. The difference is important regardless of industry and company size. Companies fearful of losing their competitive advantage spend much time and money looking for ways to pick up the speed. (the first paragraph)
In our study of 343 businesses, the companies that chose to go, go, go to try to gain_an_edge ended up with lower sales and operating incomes than those that paused at key moments to make sure they were on the right track. What's more, the firms that “slowed down to speed up” improved their top and bottom lines, averaging 40% higher sales and 52% higher operating incomes over a three¬year period.  (the second paragraph)
57. What does the underlined part “gain an edge” in Paragraph 2 mean?
       A. Increase the speed.
       B. Get an advantage.
       C. Reach the limit.
       D. Set a goal.
解析：B 考查推理判断，其核心实质就是对复杂句子的理解。根据第一段中“Companies fearful of losing their competitive advantage spend much time and money looking for ways to pick up the speed.”这一复杂句子和第二段中的“the companies that chose to go, go, go to try to gain an edge ended up with lower sales and operating incomes…” 的这一复杂句子的理解。可知那些害怕丢掉竞争优势的公司会一味的追求速度。go, go, go…就体现了其追求速度；gain an edge 即是获得优势。

【高考指南】

     在阅读理解中，考生会经常碰到许多结构复杂的句子。也就是所谓的长难句。命题者在句子理解难度上大做文章，无非是想通过增加句子长度和使用复杂结构来干扰考生正常的阅读习惯和思维方式，从而达到考查考生综合阅读能力的目的。长难句在阅读理解中容易给考生造成阅读障碍，形成一种心理压力，使考生失分。　　

一、长难句的基本特征

(一) 含多重从句和修饰语的复合句。
     这些句子往往较长，一个从句套着另一个从句，环环相扣，使得考生不明白整个句子结构。考生应通过仔细分析找出主干和修饰成分，这样整个句子结构就清晰了。
(二) 分隔结构和成分省略的干扰。
     为了调整语气和增加补充信息，更主要的是为了平衡句子结构，避免头重脚轻，使语义严密，结构紧凑，英语中将语法关系密切的两个句子成分用其他语法成分分隔开来，这就是所谓的分隔结构。考试中出现较多的是插入语、用破折号插入的新话题或补充信息。此外，还有一些句子成分(一般是定语)过长而出现后置，只不过它只是句子原有成分位置的调整，没有新增信息。
省略主要是为了避免重复，突出关键词并使上下文紧密连接。成分省略一般和从句相结合，一正一反，使句子富于变化，增强表现力。
(三) 正常语序的改变。改变语序主要指倒装句式。这些句子往往和一些副词、连词相关，有明显的标志。
     当然，被动句、双重否定句等句式在阅读考试中也屡屡出现。希望考生能结合阅读实践来体会上述句法特征。