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外研版高中英语选修6 Module 4 重点解析
编辑:admin 时间:2015/8/16 8:48:44 来源:高中学习网

重点解析

一、since的用法

1. since作介词从……以来(到现在):
(1)一般在它的后面跟上一个过去的时间。如: since 2009, since two years ago, 但是不能说since two years, 即: 不能在后面加一个时间段。
(2)在它的后面我们也跟一个表示发生在过去的一个事, 这时它的后面是一个名词. 如since the meeting自从那次会议以来(到现在), since the loss of the match, 自从那次比赛输了以来(到现在)
(3) since作介词时, 如果要在后面加非限制性的定语从句, 表示从那时起, 就要用since when
如: She graduated from Beijing University in 2006, since when she has been working in our school.
区别: ①She graduated from Beijing University in 2006, and since then she has been working in our school.
②She graduated from Beijing University in 2006. Since then she has been working in our school.
(4)用since+过去时间, 其句子用现在完成进行时或现在完成时, 且只能用这两个时态中的一个, 表示一个动作从过去一直持续到现在。
The old man has been dead since the cold morning two days ago.
意思相当于The old man has been dead for two days. 所以Since+过去时间=for+时间段
2. since作连词:
(1) 从……以来到现在
①因为作连词, 所以只能在后面加一个用过去式的句子, 其主句用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。She has been working in our school since she graduated from Beijing University in 2006.
②如果since后面跟的句子是一个可延续的动词, 翻译为否定
Since my father smoked, he has been in much better health. 爸爸戒烟以来, 身体好多了
(2) 既然; 由于(表示因果关系), 此时的句子重心在主句。
Since everyone has come, let’s start the meeting. 既然大家都到了, 咱们开始开会吧。(该开会了是句子的重心)
3. it is /has been +时间段+since + 过去的时间或用过去式的句子。
如: It is /has been nearly two years since I attended this school.
改错: My brother has been in the army since he finishes high school.

二、英语中 “也” 的表达

表示也, 一般是副词, 所以按副词的位置, 一般有三个位置: 即首位, 中位, 尾位。
1. 用在首位的 “也” neither, nor, 用来表示否定的也so表示肯定的也基本结构为
Neither/nor +be(have/do/can)+主语, 某人也不……; So + be(have/do/can)+主语;
如: my sister likes swimming, so do I.
My sister doesn’t like swimming, neither/nor do I.
用So的句型要注意区别, so +主语+ be(have/do/can), 某人的确如此。
I think I have put my purse in the drawer. Oh, so it is! (它就在抽屉里), 不能用成so is it.
2. 用在中位的 “也” also, 放中位指的是放行为动词之前, be/have/do /can 等特殊词之后。
如: My sister likes music, I also like it..
3. 用在句尾的 “也” too, as well, either
Too, as well 用在肯定句尾, My sister likes swimming, I like it, too. My sister likes swimming, I like it as well.
Either, 用在否定句尾, My sister doesn’t like swimming, I don’t like it either.
另外, either, 也表示两个中的一个, Neither表示两个都不
如: Either of the parents is supposed to attend the meeting. 家长中有个人应该来参会。
3. 特殊的 “也” 句型。
It is the same with…=So it is with…, 也用来表示也。
用于以下几种情况:
(1) 当前句有多种动词(be类, 情态动词can类, have做助动词; 实义动词do类时, 我们不能用So, neither/nor, 用it is the same with…或So it is with…
如: Thomas is a clever boy, but he can concentrate on his study. So it is with Mike/It is the same with Mike.
(2) 当前句的主语又有人, 又有物时, 不能用So, neither/nor, 用it is the same with…或So it is with…Mary has lost her job, and her family is much too poor. It is the same with Linda. /So it is with Linda.
(3) 当前句的主语又有肯定, 又有否定时, 不能用So, neither/nor, 用it is the same with…或So it is with…
如: Bob doesn’t work hard on maths, but he work hard on science. It is the same with his sister. /So it is with his sister.

三、Where的用法

Where, 副词, 在哪里
1. 做疑问词, 可以充当表语或状语。
⑴Where are you these days? 这几天你在哪儿? are you 为半倒装, where在这里作表语。
⑵Where did you go these days? 这几天你去哪儿了? where修饰go, 作状语。
⑶Where do you come from? Where 只有在介词from后才可以做宾语。
所以不能说where do you live in? 而应该说Where do you live? 或what place/ which place do you live in?
2. 做名词性从句的引导词
I wonder where you have been these days. (宾语从句)
What I want to know is where you graduated from. 我想知道你哪儿毕业的。(表语从句)
3. Where 引导定语从句=in/on/at which
⑴具体的地点
She graduated from Beijing University, where(in which) she learned a lot during the four years. You can hide behind the door, where you are not easy to be seen. 你可以躲在门后, 那儿不容易被看到。
⑵抽象的地点, 一般的先行词位case, position, situation, point, career, condition等
I have reached a point where (in which) I should make my own decision.
⑶特殊情况from where, 一般我们用介词+关系代词, from却可以加where这个关系副词。
We stood on the top of the tower, from where we can have a better view of the city.
4. where 引导状语从句
Put the medicine where kids are not easy to get, please.
Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者事竟成。


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