1. Unfortunately, all the people were buried alive, and so was the city!不幸的是所有的人都被活埋了，城市也是如此。
这是一个由and 连接的并列复合句，第一个分句中的形容词 alive用作主语补足语，说明主语的情况。第二个分句中的so was the city 是倒装结构。so是副词，表示“……亦如此，……也这样”。在这一结构中，如果前面是be动词，则用be动词；前面是实意动词时，则用do；前面是助动词或情态动词，则用助动词或情态动词连接。若前面是否定句，就要用neither或nor连接。例如：
I like playing football, so does she.  我喜欢踢足球，她也喜欢。
Tom didn’t go to the cinema last night, neither/ nor did Mary.汤姆昨晚没去看电影，玛丽也没去。注意：
1）如果下文是对上文的肯定或确认，则主谓不倒装。
--- Tom always works hard. 汤姆学习一直很努力。
--- So he does. 他确实是这样。       
2）如果前面情况比较复杂，有不同的谓语动词或既有肯定又有否定的情况，则用So it is/ was with…结构。
Karl Marx was born in Germany and German was his native language. So it was with Engels.
马克思出生于德国，德语是他的母语。恩格斯的情况也是如此。
Not only was Rome a city and a republic, but it was also to become the capital of one of the largest empires in history. 罗马不但是一座城市和一个共和国，而且成为历史上最大的帝国的首都。 
not only… but (also)…引导的是并列句。not only否定词放在句首，应构成倒装，而but also引导的分句则不能倒装。句中的be to do 表示“注定”，用来描述过去的事实。例如：

2. Not only did he teach at school, but also he wrote novels in his spare time.
他不但在学校教书，在业余时间还写小说。  
He came to power, but he was to pay dearly for it: soon he was killed.
他得到了权力，但却为此付出了昂贵的代价：不久他就被杀了。 
be to do还可表示预定、义务、命令等。
The French president is to visit China.  法国总统即将访华。
You are to hand in your homework before 10:00.  你们必须在十点之前把作业交上来。