三、虚拟语气在名词性从句中的用法
1. 在“It is/was+形容词或过去分词+that从句”结构的主语从句中,表示命令、愿望、建议等,谓语动词为“should+动词原形”,should也可省略。
It is necessary that a college student (should) master a foreign language.作为一名大学生掌握一门外语是必要的。
It is desired that this rule (should) be brought to the attention of the staff. 请把这条规定提请办事人员注意。
It is decided that the meeting (should) be postponed till Sunday.已决定会议推迟到星期日。
2. 在动词wish后的宾语从句中表示与现在或过去的事实相反,或表达对于将来的主观愿望。
表示与现在事实相反,从句中动词用过去式。
表示与过去事实相反,从句中动词用“had+过去分词”。
表示对于将来的主观愿望,从句中动词用“would/might+动词原形”。
I wish I knew his address.我真希望知道他的地址。
How I wish I was there with you.我要是也在那儿和你们在一起就好了。
I wish I could fly.我希望会飞。
I wish you had called on me yesterday.你昨天来看我就好了。
I wish I hadn't lost the chance.我要是没有失去那个机会就好了。
I wish that I had never met him.我希望从来没见过他。
Tom wish you would wait a little longer.汤姆希望你再等一会儿。
I wish he might go with us to the theatre.我希望他可以和我们一起去看戏。
3. 在would rather,would sooner等后面的从句中动词要用虚拟语气。尚未发生的动作用动词的过去式,已经发生的动作用“had+过去分词”。
I would sooner he left on the earlier train.我宁愿他乘前一班火车走。
I'd rather you went tomorrow.我倒宁愿你明天去。
He'd rather that it hadn't been.他宁愿没有发生过这样的事。
I'd rather you hadn't done that.我希望你没做这事。
4. 在与suggestion,advice,motion,proposal,order,command,desire,request,plan,idea等连用的表语从句中,谓语用“should+动词原形”, should也可省略。
Our only request is that this (should) be settled as soon as possible.我们唯一的请求就是尽快解决这个问题。
His advice is that English (should) be learned well for us.他的建议是我们要把英语学好。
My idea is that the plan (should) be revised further.我的意见是这项计划应进一步修改。
My plan is that we (should) finish the work earlier.我的计划是尽早完成这项工作。
My proposal is that we (should) send a few comrades to help the other groups.我的建议是我们派几个同志去帮别的小组。
The decision he made is that nothing (should) hold him back.他下定了决心,没有什么能阻止他这样做。
5. 在与suggestion,advice,motion,proposal,order,command,desire,request,plan,idea等连用的同位语从句中, 谓语用“should+动词原形”, should也可省略。
He made the suggestion that the political prisoners (should) be set free.他提议释放政治犯。
He made a request that the problem (should) be discussed at the meeting.他要求在会上谈论这个问题。
The doctor's advice that she (should) lie in bed must be observed.大夫要她卧床休息的意见是要遵守的。
She made repeated requests that I (should) help him.她再三恳求我帮他的忙。
The idea that babies (should) be fat was exploded years ago.认为婴儿应该胖的观点多年前就被证明是错误的。
He gave order that they (should) complete the task.他下达命令要他们完成这项任务。
The general issued a command that all of them (should) come at six o'clock.将军颁布了一道命令,所有的人都要在6点钟到。
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