6. 主动形式表示被动意义
1)wash, clean, cook, iron, look, cut, sell, read, wear, feel, draw, write, sell等。例如:
The book sells well. 这本书销路好。
This knife cuts easily. 这刀子很好用。
2)blame, let(出租), remain, keep, rent, build等。例如:
I was to blame for the accident. 事故发生了,我该受指责。
Much work remains. 还有许多活要干。
3) 在need, require, want, worth (形容词), deserve后的动名词必须用主动形式。例如:
The door needs repairing.= The door needs to be repaired. 门该修了。
This book is worth reading. 这本书值得一读。
4)特殊结构:make sb. heard / understood (使别人能听见/理解自己)等。例如:
Explain it clearly and make yourself understood. 解释清楚些,让别人理解你的话。
7. 被动形式表示主动意义,如 be determined, be pleased, be occupied(in), get married等。例如:
He is determined to work hard. 他决定努力工作。
注意:表示同某人结婚,用marry sb. 或get married to sb.均可。例如:
He married a rich girl. 他与一个富妞结婚了。
He got married to a rich girl.
其实我们不妨把下面这样一些被动结构,当作固定词组来记:
be armed with(掌握了),be attached to(依恋上),be burdened with (担负着),be buried in(致力于,专心于),be concerned with/about (关心),be convinced of(相信),be dressed in (穿着),be equipped with(配备了),be hidden(躲藏起来),be located(位于),be lost in(陷入,迷路),be occupied in/with(忙于),be seated(就座),be crowded with(挤满了),be covered with(覆盖着),be filled with(充满了)等等。
8. "be + 过去分词" 并非都是被动语态,系动词 be, feel, seem, look,等词后面的过去分词已转化为形容词,作表语用,表示某种状态。例如:
I'm interested in mathematics.
我对数学感兴趣。
He seems unsatisfied with his work.
他看起来对他的工作不满意。
We are determined to catch up with the developed countries.
我们决心要赶上发达国家。
The song is called "Don't forget me".
歌曲的名字叫“勿忘我”。