四、现在进行时
1. 表示此时此刻正在进行或发生的动作。
The telephone is ringing,would you answer it,please?电话铃响了,请你接一下好吗?
What are you doing now,John?约翰,你在干什么?
Where are they going?他们上哪儿去?
The pilot is working in his cabin.驾驶员正在机舱里工作着。
2. 表示现阶段正在进行而说话时不一定正在进行的动作。
We are working on a farm these days.这些天我们在农场干活。
My mother is making a dress these days.我母亲这几天在做衣服。
He's preparing for the exam these days.他这些天在准备考试。
3. 在时间或条件从句中表示将来进行的动作。
When you are talking with him,take care not to mention this.你与他说话时小心别提这事儿。
If they are not doing it,what am I to do?如果他们不干,那我该怎么办呢?
Will you post this letter for me if you are passing a post-box?如果你路过邮箱的话,愿意帮我寄这封信吗？
4. 某些表示位移、停留等的动词其现在进行时可表示按计划或不久之后肯定发生的动作或将要做的事。这些动词有go,come,stay,leave,start等。
Well,you know I'm going to England next week for a holiday.嗯,你知道我下周要去英格兰度假。
She is leaving for London soon.她很快就要去伦敦了。
He is coming here next week and will stay here until May.他下星期来这儿,打算一直呆到5月。
A new serial is starting on television tonight.今晚电视开播一部新的电视连续剧。
5. 表示反复出现或习惯性动作,往往含赞赏、遗憾、厌恶、不满等情绪。这时常与always, constantly, continually, gradually等副词连用。
He is always thinking of others first.他总是先想到他人。
She's always changing her mind.她老是改变主意。
He is constantly leaving his things about.他老是把东西乱放。
Language is constantly and gradually evolving.语言在不断地缓慢发展。
6. 表示一种渐变的过程。
It's getting warmer and warmer.天气越来越暖和了。
She is finding that physics is more difficult than chemistry.她渐渐感到物理比化学难。
五、过去进行时
1. 表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行的动作。这时一般有表示过去时间的状语或足以暗示的上下文。
I was practising the violin at eight o'clock yesterday evening.昨晚8点钟我在练小提琴。
They were expecting you yesterday.他们昨天一直在等你。
All last week I was staying at school.上周我一直都在学校。
We reached the lake just as the sun was rising above it.我们抵达湖边时,太阳刚刚升起。
2. 表示与过去发生的某事同时发生的动作。
I was trying to fix a machine before you arrived.在你到达之前我正在修理一台机器。
When I called him,he was having dinner.我给他打电话的时候,他正在吃晚饭。
3. 表示故事发生的背景。
It was snowing as the medical team made its way to the front.医疗队奔赴前线时,天正下着雪。
It was getting dark.The wind was rising.天渐渐暗下来,风势增强了。
He was crossing the street when he was hit by a bike.他横过马路时被自行车撞了。
4. 表示预计的或安排的将来的动作。
Was it next Sunday that they were coming?他们是下星期天来吗?
I was meeting her at the station the next day.第二天我要到车站接她去。
They were sailing tomorrow.他们明天将启航。
5. 表示过去反复出现或习惯性的动作,往往含有赞赏、遗憾、厌恶、不满等情绪。常与副词always, constantly, continually等连用。
Alice was constantly complaining of the weather.艾丽丝老是抱怨天气。
The old man was always telling that old story.那位老人总是讲那个老故事。
He was always looking for a shortcut to fame and fortune.他总是在找成名发财的捷径。
六、将来进行时
1. 表示将来某一时间正在进行的动作。这一动作多是已安排好的事,常与表示将来的时间状语连用。
What will you be doing this time tomorrow?
你明天这个时候将做什么?
I'll be taking my holidays soon.
我不久将要度假去了。
He'll be coming soon.
他不久就会来的。
They will be meeting us at the station.
他们会在车站接我们的。
2. 表示事情的发展、原因、结果。
It's no use trying to see him at six this evening,because he'll be giving a lesson then.
今晚6点钟去找他不行,因为他那时要讲课。
If I fail to appear by 7 o'clock,I will not be coming at all.
如果我7点钟不到,我就不会来了。
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